Prostate

The prostate’s primary function is the production of seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. The prostate muscles contract and block the opening between the bladder and urethra to prevent urine from mixing with semen, and only seminal fluid is expelled during ejaculation.

Additionally, the prostate secretes an enzyme called 5-alpha reductase that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a potent androgen necessary for male sexual function and the development of male characteristics such as facial hair.

An enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia – BPH) is very common, as the prostate naturally increases in size once a man passes the age of 40. When the increase becomes excessive, however, the prostate presses on the urethra, narrowing it and causing patients to suffer from difficulty urinating and emptying their bladders fully.

If left untreated, it can result in urinary tract infections (UTIs) or even a sudden inability to urinate—a painful medical emergency. While medical and surgical treatments for severe cases of BPH are available, treatment is usually not required. However, annual exams will be conducted annually to ensure no complications develop.