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The Pain of Kidney Stones from a Personal Experience!

The Pain of Kidney Stones from a Personal Experience!

They are small, hard crystals made of dissolved minerals found in the urine. They form inside the kidneys and can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball.

Kidney stones form when the urine contains more crystalforming substances – such as calcium, oxalate and uric acid – than the fluid can dilute. At the same time, your urine may be lacking in the substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, creating an ideal environment for stones to form.

About 90% of kidney stones are mixed stones with the commonest minerals being calcium and oxalate.

The bad news is that over the past 10 years, the prevalence of stones has increased worldwide and the incidence of stones is now seen in younger people due to dietary changes.

Size matters

If kidney stones are small enough, they pass through the urinary tract and out of the body. It can be quite painful to pass them out but they usually don’t cause permanent damage when they are this small.

But if they become too large, about 2-3mm in size, they can block the passage of urine and cause acute pain during urination. As for me, it took three days and six intense 25-minute colic episodes! My female patients tell me that this is similar to labour pain! Thankfully now we have oral medications to help pass out small stones faster and with less pain.

The stone rubbing against the inner lining of the urinary tract can cause damage and bleeding, and the injured site can become the site for recurrent infection.

Kidney stones can sometimes cause kidney damage and failure as a result.

Do you have kidney stones?

Intense pain in the side and back, below the ribs, spreading to the lower abdomen and groin, or which comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity
Urination that is painful
Urine that is pink/red/brown/ cloudy, or smells bad
A persistent need to urinate, urinating more often than usual or urinating only small amounts
Nausea and vomiting, fever and chills

Risk Factors & Causes

Genetic risk factor
You are more likely to get them if someone in your family has them, or if you have already had kidney stones. It is crucial to perform some tests to ascertain the cause of the urinary stone so as to adjust the diet and/or oral therapy to minimise stone formation.
Sodium
Too much increases the amount of calcium that the kidneys must filter and significantly increases the risk of kidney stones.
Digestive diseases
Gastric bypass surgery and Inflammatory Bowel Disease can cause changes in the digestive process that affect absorption of calcium and water, increasing the levels of stoneforming substances in the urine.
Dehydration
Insufficient hydration can make urine concentrated, increasing the likelihood of stones forming. This also applies to those who live in warm climates and sweat a lot.
Obesity
A high body mass index (BMI) is linked to an increased risk of kidney stones.

What to do?

If stones are suspected, you need to get tested using means such as blood tests, which can reveal the concentration of calcium or uric acid in your blood; urine tests, which can reveal if there are excessive stone-forming minerals or too few stone-preventing substances; X-rays or non-contrast rapid Computerised Tomography (CT), which can show kidney stones, how hard they are, and their effects on the urinary tract.

Depending on size and composition, stones can be removed through a spectrum of approaches, ranging from drinking lots of water to flush them out, to shockwaves to break up stones, laser technology to remove stones, and percutaneous renal surgery to remove very large stones.

Don’t suffer like I did before seeing a urologist to manage this common problem.

Let us help you
Restore your urological health.
Make an appointment with Dr Michael Wong to receive a tailored, supportive and targeted care plan.
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