IUI vs. IVF: What’s the Difference?

Deciding on the right fertility treatment can feel overwhelming for many couples. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are two of the most common options in Singapore, each with its own process, benefits and success rates.

Learn their key differences to help you make informed choices about which path best suits your family-building journey.

What Is Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)?

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment where the prepared sperm are placed directly into the uterus. The goal is to reduce the distance and obstacles sperm have to overcome to reach the egg. This allows more healthy sperm to make the short journey, increasing the chance of fertilisation.

IUI is commonly recommended for:

• Couples with unexplained infertility

• Men with slightly low sperm count

• Women with cervical-factor infertility or irregular ovulation

• Single women or female same-sex couples

• Couples with physical disabilities or sexual health issues

What Is In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)?

In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is an advanced fertility treatment where fertilisation takes place outside the body in a specialised laboratory. Once the egg and sperm successfully combine, the resulting embryo is monitored and later transferred into the woman’s uterus to implant and grow into a pregnancy.

IVF is the most common and effective form of assisted reproductive technology (ART). It is often recommended when other treatments have not worked or when natural conception is difficult. It may benefit:

• Women with blocked or damaged fallopian tubes

• Men with very low sperm count or poor sperm quality

• Women with severe endometriosis or ovulation issues

• Women with advanced maternal age

• Couples with unexplained infertility or genetic risks

What Are the Differences Between IUI and IVF?

While both IUI and IVF are designed to help individuals and couples overcome infertility, they differ significantly in process, complexity, and success rates.

• Fertilisation

  • IUI: Fertilisation happens naturally inside the body
  • IVF: Fertilisation takes place in a laboratory before the embryo is transferred to the uterus.

• Process

  • IUI: A simpler outpatient procedure done during ovulation
  • IVF: A multi-step process involving ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilisation and embryo transfer

• Complexity

  • IUI: Less complex, fewer medications and minimal monitoring
  • IVF: Highly complex with multiple stages and intensive monitoring

• Invasiveness

  • IUI: Minimally invasive, no surgery required
  • IVF: Invasive procedures like egg retrieval are involved

Which Is Right for You?

Choosing between IUI and IVF depends on factors like your age, fertility diagnosis, medical history and personal goals. A careful evaluation by a fertility specialist is essential to determine the most effective path forward.

IUI may be the right choice if:

• You prefer a less invasive, lower-cost option

• The fertility issue is mild

• You are younger and have good egg quality

• There are no significant structural or genetic barriers to conception

IVF may be more suitable if:

• Fertility challenges are more complex

• You want to maximise your chances of success in a single cycle

• You are of advanced maternal age

• Previous IUI cycles or other treatments have been unsuccessful

Every couple’s journey is unique. Consulting a qualified fertility specialist ensures you understand your options and receive a personalised treatment plan that gives you the best chance of success. Contact our clinic today for a detailed evaluation.